Government
Traditional leaders
State institutions to support constitutional democracy
Chapter 9 of South Africa's Constitution establishes six state institutions to support democracy. Known as "chapter nine institutions", these are:- The Public Protector investigates "any conduct in state affairs, or in the public administration in any sphere of government, that is alleged or suspected to be improper or to result in any impropriety or prejudice".
- The Human Rights Commission promotes "respect for human rights and a culture of human rights" as well as the "protection, development and attainment of human rights".
- The Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities promotes "respect for the rights of cultural, religious and linguistic communities" and is tasked to "develop peace, friendship, humanity, tolerance and national unity among cultural, religious and linguistic communities, on the basis of equality, non-discrimination and free association".
- The Commission for Gender Equality must "promote respect for gender equality and the protection, development and attainment of gender equality".
- The Auditor-General must "audit and report on the accounts, financial statements and financial management of all national and provincial state departments and administrations, all municipalities, and any other institution or accounting entity", as required by law.
- The Electoral Commission must "manage elections of national, provincial and municipal legislative bodies in accordance with national legislation, ensure that those elections are free and fair, and declare the results of those elections".
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